Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children

Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children Children’s television viewing time be carefully controlled or for some age groups eliminated entirely Contents (Jump to) Introduction TV, young children and aggression: Is TV dumping down our young? The role of TV in the obesity epidemic: Is TV – helping the young to a more positive view of the world? TV linked to better language and literacy? Conclusion: References: Introduction: Since the advent of the television in the daily lives of the common people, the lifestyle and routine of the people have been changed. Television is no longer an idiot box in the lives of many instead it is one of the most important parts of the lifestyle. The television has come up with variety of programs and the increasing importance of the television in the daily life of the people has given the entertainment world a different name. It has been observed in many countries like the United States the children are devoting maximum of about thirty hours watching television per week. This has given rise to a hobby or a habit of watching television (Kelemen, 2002). In many countries the children like to watch television, forgoing their studies and this had created awareness within the parents and the teachers. The most important issue regarding this matter is that the children are getting wrong information in some particular cases from the different programs of the television. There are many interesting programs apart from the cartoon shows which attract the children. The study is all about the awareness that had been generated by different research outcomes conducted by different organizations. The study discusses many important issues and analyses both the positive and negative sides of the issues (Yapp, 2014). TV, young children and aggression: It is observed all over the world that the children are adversely affected by the violent programs which they view in the television. Eastman (2004) had said that by the time when the American children become grown up to leave the high school they would have viewed thousands of murders and other violent activities in the television. On the other hand Rowell Huesmann et al (2003) have said that there is a tendency in the infants to imitate the activities they observe from the television and hence the violent programs could have much impact on the minds of the children and could cause severe accidents in their lives (Huesmann Moise-Titus, 2003). Murray (2005) have pointed out that in many cases it has been observed that children having maximum exposure to violent programs get their sensitivity towards violence and this turn increases their tolerance of violence in the society. On the other some children are found to be getting more sensitive towards the violence and that might affect their physical and mental strength. It is not always good for the infants to watch television as they might be affected by the colors, hues, saturation and exposure level of the television portray. The sound effects might also affect the hearing aspect or the mental development of the infants as initial stages (Murray, 2012). Is TV dumping down our young? According to Anderson and Pempeck there is a close relationship between the development of language and watching TV. The children below 2 years who watch television for a long time do not develop their language and vocabulary. The children start to speak less and they follow only gestures. The children below 2 years who watch educational programs like Sesame Street and Dora the Explorer face the similar problems in the language development. But the children over 2 years while watching these programs specially designed for the development of language get a better learning opportunity and they develop the language faster (Gliebe, 2011). The parents’ co-viewing with their kids has shown to be beneficial as the parents could manipulate the programs accordingly and might help their children in understanding the meaning of the programs they watch. The children are sometimes found to be more inclined towards the face to face communication and learn to develop language from this type of conversation. The parents could control the time their children are devoting towards watching the television. They could even ban or eliminate many programs from being watched by their children if they find some anti social or unethical in the programs. The role of TV in the obesity epidemic: The children who are watching television for a longer period are found to be affected by the increasing issue of obesity as they forgo their physical activities and sit idle at a place and watch television. The children get less time for any extra curriculum activities and due to that they are growing some problems in their physical growth. The habit of having fast food or snacks are being promoted by the television ads which are growing the habit of consuming fast food and snacks at an increasing rate which is affecting the health of the children to great extent. The children are getting much inclined towards the fast food and the ready to cook foods as they are being advertised very skillfully to attract the children (Boulos, Vikre, Oppenheimer, Chang, Kanarek, 2012). On the other hand television programs are also promoting some beneficial programs which are helping in the development of many good habits and learning. The television is also promoting various programs from where the children could learn about the culture of their countries or about different animals etc. There are some programs which are promoting the habits of practicing regular exercise in the daily regime of the children and the children are trying to follow them. Is TV helping the young to a more positive view of the world? According to Moeller (1996) the television programs are helping to understand the world around us through different specific channels. The television can have positive impacts on the minds of the children depending on the perception that the people are growing within them. Sometimes it is seen that people both children and adults like to believe that whatever is shown in the television is normal and real without judging the truth. This might have positive or negative effects depending on the individual conception development (Moeller, 1996). Some programs might show the children the way they want to prove the world around us and could have negative impact on the minds of the children. On the other hand there are certain programs which are useful to the children to collect many academic information or data which they could skillfully use in their studies and could increase their general knowledge (Wiseman, 2012). There are certain worrying issues where the children get wrong ideas about the cultures or the society of many places from the television. The children with good intelligence would take the positive views but the children with poor intelligence would not be able to get the positive views without the guidance of their parents or teachers. TV linked to better language and literacy? Many research work have proved that watching television is helping in the development of language and literacy in the children. The children of two years get to develop their language competency from watching television. Many children have been found to have grown better vocabulary by watching television. The children get to learn many things from television. There are many well designed education oriented programs like Sesame Street which provides good communication and language skills to be developed in the children (Close, 2004). Not all the learning programs are designed to develop language skills in the children. It is the responsibility of the guardians to supervise the programs and allow the children accordingly to watch the programs which are suited for their children. The adult co-viewers are responsible to grow and develop the language competencies within the children through their active participation. The conversation between the adult co-viewer and the children below two years is vital in developing the language within them. The parents or guardians have to play an active role in the development of language and literacy through watching television (Linebarger, 2006). Conclusion: The above discussion shows for and against the reduction of the television viewing by the children below two years and also for the children who are sensitive to many issues. The parents or the guardians have to be more conscious about the controlling of the time dedicated to the television viewing by the children. The Government should take steps either to ban some violent or anti social programs or to make the schedule of the programs as per the prime time or the general time for watching television. The study shows the positive and negative impacts of the television on the minds and developments of the children below and over two years. The study describes the various issue which are related with the viewing of the television. Watching TV is also hampering the physical development of the children and even increasing the rate of obesity in the children. The study throws lights on various findings from the research conducted by many researchers. The research should be able to analyze both the positive and negative impacts of watching television. More research is needed to provide more data and information regarding how much positive or negative it is to watch television for the children. The society should try to instigate the positive impacts of watching television rather than the negative impacts. The society should be well aware of the adverse effects which could affect the children from initial stage. References: Boulos, R., Vikre, E. K., Oppenheimer, S., Chang, H., Kanarek, R. B. (2012). ObesiTV: How television is influencing the obesity epidemic. Physiology Behavior, 146-153. Retrieved from friedmanfellows: http://friedmanfellows.com/assets/pdfs/elibrary/ObesiTV_final.pdf Close, R. (2004, March 13). Television and Language Development in the Early Years. Retrieved from literacytrust: http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/assets/0000/0429/TV_early_years_2004.pdf Gliebe, S. K. (2011, August 12). The Effects of Video and Television on Young Children: Research and Reflection for Christian Educators . Retrieved from cuchicago: http://lej.cuchicago.edu/early-childhood-education/the-effects-of-video-and-television-on-young-children-research-and-reflection-for-christian-educators/ Huesmann, R., Moise-Titus, J. (2003). Longitudinal Relations Between Children’s Exposure to TV Violence and Their Aggressive and Violent Behavior in Young Adulthood: 1977–1992. Retrieved from umich: http://rcgd.isr.umich.edu/aggr/articles/Huesmann/2003.Huesmann,et al.Longrelations.Developmental Psych.pdf Kelemen, L. (2002, December 18). The Truth about Television. Retrieved from aish: http://www.aish.com/ci/s/48924702.html Linebarger, D. L. (2006, September 28). Elements of Effective Educational TV. Retrieved from pbskids: http://www-tc.pbskids.org/read/files/BOB-PARTI-ElementsofSuccessfulEdTV.PDF Moeller, B. (1996, October). Learning from Television: A Research Review. Retrieved from dcmp: https://www.dcmp.org/public_content/caai/nadh175.pdf Murray, J. (2012, January 09). Childrens Antisocial Behavior, Mental Health, Drug Use, and Educational Performance After Parental Incarceration. Retrieved from NCBI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3283435/ Wiseman, R. (2012, June 30). Self help: forget positive thinking, try positive action . Retrieved from theguardian: http://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/jun/30/self-help-positive-thinking Yapp, R. (2014, January 10). Children who watch too much TV may have damaged brain structures. Retrieved from dailymail: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2537240/Children-watch-TV-damaged-brain-structures.html Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children TELEVISION: ITS EFFECTS AMONG CHILDREN IN TERMS OF EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISCOURSE IMPELIDO, DEANMARK G. Outline Watching television has many positive and negative effects on the behavior among children. Positive effects include, while negative effects includes violence, behave aggressively and their emotional aspects affected. The Effects of Television Positive Effects Negative Effects Violence Behave aggressively Emotional Aspects affected Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Introduction Technology makes our life easy and it becomes a part of our lives everywhere, anywhere. Before the growth of the technology being rampant, there is a first major source of innovation in technology and that is the television. Television sets become a major industry in the world. Almost all the people in the world, in their households have television sets, and every day, more and more people tend to view on television. By touching its button and by searching different channels, it gives us benefits and solutions to our challenges in the modern-faced world. This includes receiving reports from local and world events, to inspire young minds by exploring geography and history, watch a fantasy, and to entertain us. Television also tends to escape from the reality, which gives us a temporary relief from our problems in life or when we feel depressed. Due to the growing industry of television, television networks always wants to know their audience perspective on what kind of program they want to watch. Audiences have a big impact in the television industry without them, no image on the screen. Most probably, adults are the one who watch, but as the time goes by, children also considered a part of their audience so that television networks consider the programs they watch. Children in the 21st century are now exposed in the television screens and we cannot prevent that. They are treated by the researchers and policy makers as a â€Å"special audience† due they are in process to learn things from the screen (Potter, 2008). Also, they are not yet mature to select a show appropriate to them. So that, as more and more children tempt to watch, the more they see something wrong or something right depending on the content of the program they watch. As illustration, if a child sees violence, the more violent he become; and when he see educational and inspiring, it teaches him to learn new things. According to Hollenbeck Slaby, 1979, children starts to spend television at the age of 6 months, as they grow up, it increases number of hours they spend on television until it reaches by up to six and a half hours every day. Because of this, we think that it leads to positive and negative effects of the behavior of children as they grow up. According to psych iatrist Dr. Victor Cline in his speech in Norfolk, New Virginia, that all the pictures they see in television, it can clearly affects the self-image then, later behavior of young people. He also added that mental diet is the same as nutritional diet. Once a child sees on a television, it will put what they see it in their mind, later; it will take its changes on their behavior once they grow up. He consider the children’s minds into a bank-whatever we put on it, we will get it back 10 years or more with an interest (Cline, 1989) In general, watching television may lead to the positive and negative effects on the behavioral and emotional discourse of the children. Some positive effects are: it enhances learning skills and recognize emotions; and the negative effects are it leads to violence, behave aggressively and lastly, it leads to emotional problems. Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Discussion Positive Effects of Television Television has a great benefit among children as they get easily aware and connect about the physical happenings in their modern-faced society (Gunter and McAleer, 1997: xii-xiii).They also stated that television is not ‘one-eyed monster’ who waits to spread evil over the young members of the household. This is an implication that when a child watches a significant program that is – educational, informative, and values-promoted shows will increase their intellectual growth. Researchers explain this, through watching preschoolers ‘Sesame Street’ regularly, it easily recognize their emotions and to cope trauma when the 9/11 terrorist attack in New York by featuring a story about grease fire in Hooper’s Stone which required the help of the brave firefighters (Wilson, 2008). Second positive effect of television among children is that they acquire basic languages on it. Studies shows that if they watch educational programs, their tendency is to learn basic shapes, numbers, letters, etc. if their parents guided them (Lemish and Rice, 1986). However, Naigles and Mayeux (2001) found that in certain circumstances children learn words and their meanings from educational programs that are specifically design for them (age, content etc.). Further, we must say that we select programs that are capable to their age and they must guide them in order for them to learn their language acquisition. Although still, there is no significant evidence that suggests television as part of their everyday lives to learn new things in life. Negative Effects of Television Violence is one of the primarily negative effects of television among children. Television violence had been increasing for the past years. In the studies, it shows that an average of 32 acts per hour, a child may see on the screen (Gerbner). Because of the number of violent acts a child may see, there is a result of the mental problem called â€Å"copycat phenomenon†. Copycat Phenomenon defines as imitating or copying the act or behavior of a person from a particular show (Sparks, 2013). An example of this is if a child sees on television, a person who acts to be violent; there is a possibility to imitate its action, further, once it continues to imitate until he/she grows up, it results as to be his/her personality. Many people have experience this even adults because it stirs up their emotions easily and somehow, they relate on that scene they watch. Further to that, it results in increasing number of crime and harm things; so that it is very alarming when a child happen to it. Violent television teaches children step-by-step; on how to commit mistakes and violent acts easily (Cline, 1989, 2B.). Watching violence can lead to behaving aggressively. Does it really lead to behave aggressively among children? It is true that it may lead to behave them aggressively through the following factors: if a character in a particular scene performs violent acts; then that character receives a reward for their actions, and there is a possibility of increasing aggression to children especially on boys and not on girls. And this theory he proposed is the social learning theory (Bandura, 1973). To illustrate, if a child sees a scene in a screen which has violent acts, then later the character receives reward on it, there is a chance of imitating or again â€Å"Copycat Phenomenon†. But, if the character did not receive rewards from it but receive punishment, there is a small chance of that child will refrain to do that act. But, in his further studies, it shows that this effect is not clearly depending on kind of program they watch; it is regardless of the kind of program they watch. T herefore, whatever kind of program they watch still, there is a risk of their behavior due to prolonged expose to television and violence. Once it changes their attitudes, it will clearly affect all their emotional aspects. Children emotions lead to anxiety, fear, trauma and even depression (Wilson, 2008). First, there is a possibility of anxiety to them. Second, their fear increases. There is a study that many children have experiences short-term reactions to television. When they watch a scary movie, (example is Monster House), they get react easily and probably they frightened. So that, after they watch it, they feel devastated and therefore, it results to trauma. It will also intensify these effects if they watch a particular news footage that contains tragedy or violence. As a result, children are full of fears to face the real-world. It will hard for them to express themselves and they might see the real-world as a difficult, more complicated and may a victim or real violence. It is normal, but, their emotional capacity maybe more difficult to cope. Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Conclusion: References: Books: Potter, W. J. (2008). Media literacy 4th edition, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA: USA. Sparks, G. G. (2013). Media Effects Research 4th Edition, Boston, MA: Wandsworth-Cengage Learning Internet Resources:

Expectations For Boys and Girls

Expectations for boys and girls are extremely high in today’s society. A lot of people feel pressure in today’s society and so much so that some people feel the need to take their own lives. Some people are able to rise above societies expectations, but that is incredibly hard to do and not everybody is strong enough to overcome that. The pressures of society follow everyone everywhere and different people must handle it in different ways. Expectations for girls are a lot higher and a lot more pressured than expectations for boys.Girls are expected to be pretty and nice and clean, but that is not always the case with every girl. They are expected to cook and clean as stated in Barbie Doll. â€Å"The girlchild was born as usual and presented dolls that did pee-pee and miniature GE stoves and irons. † This really shows that girls are pressured into this kind of life from an early age. After she hits puberty, expectations start to change, especially with her peers. â€Å"Then in the magic of puberty, a classmate said: you have a great big nose and fat legs.† Within her own peer group she is being mocked and put down until she can’t take it anymore. â€Å"In the casket displayed on satin she lay. † Only then did the people in her life comment on how she was pretty, but it was too late for her. In the other poem, Good Girl, girls are expected to hold up the world. â€Å"Hold up the universe, good girl. † She also gets compared to Atlas, the Greek God who holds the world on his shoulders. â€Å"Sever yourself, poor false Atlas. † Unfortunately, this is true because some women have to cook and clean the house for her family.â€Å"You are the universe about its pole. God’s not fair. † Some women even have to work for their families also and it is true that some women hold the world on their shoulders. Expectations for boys however are much different. In the poem, Dylan, a mother talks about how her y oung son doesn’t have a worry in the world and is so happy. â€Å"On Monday he was Spiderman. All it took was red P. J’s, gluey palms and two spools of thread. † She then goes on to talk about how she wishes she could bottle up that happiness, â€Å"It seems if I could stash just one of these get-ups and the way your heart soars.† The mother than says, â€Å"Little boy, you could don it the morning some girl wrecks you. † She wants to give him his happiness when he is sad so he can immediately be happy again. This speaks to the expectations of boys in society because they are expected to never be sad but in truth, there will always be times when one is sad. In the other poem, Rites of Passage, the little boys at the party feel the need to compare themselves to one another to see who the alpha male is.â€Å"One says to the other How old are you? Six. I’m seven. So? † Boys are expected to be rough and tough and must appear that way espe cially to other boys. â€Å"I could beat you up, a seven says to a six. † Boys are not allowed to show their sensitive side and if they do then they will be ridiculed. Later in the poem the host of the party, speaks to the group as a whole, â€Å"We could easily kill a two-year-old. † And all was well between the boys again, because they all found a common interest.

Divine Comedy †Pagans in Paradise - 1474 Words

Divine Comedy – Pagans in Paradise In the beginning when God created humanity, it was said that He created all humans in His image of goodness (Genesis 1:27). Dante then adds in his Divine Comedy that God has instilled a certain predetermined capacity of goodness in each human being as He wills, which should be utilized fully during life (Paradise 3:84). It would then be assumed, in Dantean thought, that all humans have the choice to live fully to this capacity and assume a place in heaven upon death, to fail to utilize this capacity and suffer in Hell for eternity, or to sin and seek repentance at some point in their lives, allowing them to enter Purgatory. Yet, this statement seems to have certain restrictions when we first look at†¦show more content†¦But upon further reading, it is evident that there are pagans in Dante’s Paradise. The two examples of virtuous pagans in Heaven are Emperor Trajan of Rome and Ripheus of Troy. Ripheus was said to have been baptized after his death while in Purgatory, a thousand years before baptism existed. Emperor Trajan was supposedly brought back to life by God’s sanctifying grace and was baptized in his second life (Paradise 20:106-108). Unless you believe another human being besides Jesus Christ was resurrected, this explanation of why Trajan is found in Heaven is invalid. In addition, a reason must exist why God would show so much concern for Ripheus of Troy to allow him baptism in Purgatory. Therefore, from a different angle, one must analyze what the virtuous pagans in Limbo are lacking to explain the presence of Trajan and Ripheus in Paradise. When Dante encounters these two pagans in Paradise, he immediately questions their presence. He asks the eagle of the pagans’ presence there and the bird replies, And to this realm none ever rose who had not faith in Christ, before or after he was crucified (Paradise 19:104-106). From this statement we are told that every soul in Heaven had faith in Christ, whether or not they had knowledge of Him. But how can you have faith in a person whom you do not know? Since it seems impossible for a human to have faith in someone they have never heard of, it can be assumed thatShow MoreRelatedThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri1725 Words   |  7 PagesIn composing the Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri has created and brought to his readers three examples of literary brilliance. A masterfully written poem that still serves as a preface for contemporary heaven/hell/purgatory imagery, the divine comedy brings readers along for the ride on Dante’s path towards salvation. Depending on how gullible one may be, interpretation of the legitimacy of the Divine Comedy is varied; that is to say, although a few might believe Dante actually did somehow travelRead MoreDante Alighieri : An Italian Poet1552 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical, religious, and economic action. 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“The Going” Essay example - 1563 Words

â€Å"The Going† by Thomas Hardy begins with the question ‘why’ a question which Hardy is asking as himself about the death of his wife. According to the footnotes this poem is written as eulogy to his first wife Emma, who died in 1912. Her death is sudden to him and he is questioning why he did not see it coming or if he missed any hints she could have given that would have pointed to her impending death. Her passing is described as happening quickly, calmly, and indifferent. Using the words ‘as if’ are key, because that is where he won’t admit that she would leave without telling him and he is protecting himself from having to outright call her indifferent. He doesn’t want to accept that she could be indifferent to her life because that†¦show more content†¦Looking back at the very first line of the poem he wonders why she never gave him a hint that she was capable of flight. He should have realized that from the moment they met he knew in his heart that she was a person capable of leaving him in a manner that he could not follow. He saw her as a swan with enormous wings and saw himself as a bird ‘with wing of swallow’ which is like a bird on the wing, or a bird in flight, however he uses the word ‘wing’ in the singular, which could mean that he views himself as a grounded bird who will never ‘gain one glimpse’ of her again. In the second stanza he starts to realize that she is really gone and he will never hear from her again. By using the word ‘never’ Hardy is admitting to himself that there is a finality to her going, and he realizes that goodbyes and the chances that saying goodbye represents are lost to him. Once again he is alluding to the past where they actually possessed communication skills. ‘Lip me the softest call’ references birds and birdcalls again, and the word ‘soft’ generally describes something that people want to have close to them. 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The middle child Trent, is seat over there. He is going to love me saying that When Rebecca first asked me some weeks ago if I would make a speech today my first thought was WHY? But then as I sat down to put pen to paper and goggled wedding speeches last night, I was overwhelmed by strange feelings of

The War Over Marijuana - 1862 Words

In Bill Steigerwalds words, the drug war is the 36-year-old, $40 billion-a-year rogue elephant in the game room everyone running for president pretends not to see. (Steigerwald) The present works aim is to analyze the concerns which revolve around the marijuana state and federal legalization debate, with special emphasis on its positive outcomes. The majority of clinical research studies concerning marijuana use and its effects unravel the uncertainty which surrounds the subject and present the common pattern of insisting that further clinical enquiry is necessary. Measurable immediate effects generally translate in a temporary alteration of perception, as colors and sounds may seem more intense, and time appears to pass very slowly. The users mouth feels dry, and s/he may suddenly become very hungry and thirsty (Yacoubian). Admittedly, these manifestations hardly seem to pose any social danger. However, the overall objection to marijuana is based on negative long-term effects, which seem to be carcinogenic, harmful to human immune, respiratory and reproductive systems, and compromising of short-term memory and cognitive capacities. The Consensus Conference convened by the National Institutes of Health in 1997 concluded that THC, the active substance in cannabis, would be useful in the medical treatment of chronic pain and chemotherapy-induced nausea during cancer treatment. Additionally, the consultants present at the conference unanimously concurred that medicalShow MoreRelated Marijuana as a Gift from Mother Earth Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana as a Gift from Mother Earth When and where will the senseless persecutions of America’s Marijuana users end? These Marijuana smokers are typically middle class males, between the ages of 17 and 39, and one in three have no prior felony charges on their records. (HRW World Report) However, each year, hundreds of thousands of them are arrested and thrown into jail, alongside murderers, rapists, and child molesters. The â€Å"Marihuana Tax Act† was passed in August 1937, and took effectRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?942 Words   |  4 PagesHow can marijuana be illegal when it could help so many people who suffer and are in need of help for medical reasons, such as cancer, AIDs, and people who suffer from depression? Can you imagine having a natural way of helping the sick and not using it? Marijuana should be legalized because it would help symptoms for certain medical conditions and would create jobs. Marijuana has been around the world for thousands of years. The mystical Chinese emperor Shen Neng, introduced the uses of pharmaceuticalRead MoreMarijuana During the 70s1417 Words   |  6 PagesMarijuana during the 70’s was viewed much differently then it is today. Twenty-Seven states approve for new medical studies, and consequential turn out of those convicted of using the most commonly used drug in the world, is making the United States change their opinion on the subject. The most debatable question going on right now in this question about Marijuana is: Whether or Marijuana should be legalized based on how it effects people’s health, its resourcefulness to medicine, and the contributionRead MoreEssay on Reasons for the Legalization of Marijuana987 Words   |  4 PagesThe War on Drugs has been fighting a tough opponent over the past few decades. Aimed at cutting down on drug use and sales, this war has brought many negative side effects along with it. Aside from limiting the freedoms of millions of Americans, The War on Drugs has caused many more problems while also managing to fail at drug deterrence and distribution. Since many citizens already back the legalization of marijuana, as demonstrated by Oaklands passing of Measure Z, which makes marijuanaRead MoreMarijuan Is Everywhere1011 Words   |  4 Pageshear about marijuana all the time, from the morning news to the newspapers you read during the day. Everywhere you look there is something about marijuana, someone being arrested with it, or stories about how it should be legal. Marijuana is a big part of today world where you want it to or not, it is everywhere. In the news a person can hear about the war on drugs that was started back in the1970’s by President Nixon and although it is a war on all illegal drugs the major one is marijuana. It is theRead MoreThe Legalization of Marijuana Essay907 Words   |  4 PagesWhen a someone hears the term â€Å"Marijuana† the first thing that comes into the mind is that it is a drug which is illegal. Some people believe that the only use of marijuana plant is that it can get you high, which is far from the truth. The Marijuana, cannabis, or hemp plant is one of the oldest psychoactive plants known to man. Many people fail to acknowledge that marijuana has a history of more than 8000 years and it has only been illegal for a short period of time. Its history dates back as farRead MoreThe Harrison Narcotic Act Of 1914881 Words   |  4 Pagesdrug-taking behavior gained federal awareness in the early 1900s, due to the lack of drug control regulations. Moreover, Levinthal (2012) mentions f our major drug control laws which were established, including: (1) The Harrison Narcotic Act 1914, (2) The Marijuana Tax Act 1937, (3) The Boggs Act 1951, and (4) The Controlled Substance Act 1970. The drug control laws formed help regulate importation, manufacture, selling, or distribution of drugs within the United States (Levinthal, 2012). The Harrison NarcoticRead MoreLegalizing Marigjuana in the United States766 Words   |  3 Pagesin the 1930s detrimentally distorted the view of marijuana ever since it was declared illegal. Marijuana has and still continues to be looked down upon due to the unexplainable psychological effects of the human mind. Futhermore, the American society has viewed marijuana in such a negative way that it holds people to the reputation as a loser or stoner. This skewed perception of a lazy and unmotivated marijuana users in America is the result of over seventy years of propaganda and misinformation spreadRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1581 Words   |  7 Pages Although there has been a â€Å"war on drugs† since the late 1900’s, the legalization of marijuana has been a popular topic within the past couple of years. This topic is very controversial due to the fact that many people are unable to see past the bad rap that cannabis has accumulated over past years. Among t he other aspects that have already given marijuana a bad reputation, some people are trying to find more and more reasons to postpone the legalization of marijuana. Since the legalization of cannabisRead MoreThe Legalization Of Marijuana Should Qualify Trillions Of Dollars For The Government848 Words   |  4 PagesThe legalization of Marijuana could earn trillions of dollars for the government. â€Å"As governments struggle with decreased revenue and rising costs, the legalization of Marijuana will boost income to fund projects, such as new parks and road repairs† (â€Å"19 Primary Pros and Cons of legalizing weed† 2015) . Since 2006 more than one hundred thousand people have been estimated to have died in the drug war. This happens due to the lack of supervision in handling drugs with distribution, and use

Lago in Act 1 Scenes Free Essays

Thus, by carrying out the role as a villain, he highlights the animalistic traits evident within people of the Venetian society. Although Iago is a white man who holds a fairly high status within Venetian society, he is crude and uncouth, often swearing and making references to the devil. By using he imagery of being â€Å"plague[ed] with flies†, he makes reference to the devil, which is extremely inappropriate for a man held win such high regard. We will write a custom essay sample on Lago in Act 1 Scenes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Furthermore, through this example, he associates himself with darkness and evil despite being a white man-who are supposedly considered pure and heathen. Also, by using the symbolism of â€Å"an old black ram†, he again associates himself with darkness and the devil. The â€Å"old black ram† symbolises the devil, which has the connotations of being evil, dark, and terrible. Hence, making the distinction between light and darkness nclear and confusing, bringing to light the idea that darkness might be evident in light, and vice versa. Because Othello has defied his position in society as a black man by proving himself through his talents and his honourable actions, he is still discriminated by Iago, who voices out his disdain for him openly. He uses the symbolism of a â€Å"Barbary horse† to represent Othello. This is extremely demeaning to Othello, a man of royal lineage who has carried himself off with only the utmost integrity and honour. This shows hat although he has many merits and is regal in his actions and demeanour, he is still associated with the stereotype that all blacks are barbarians. Furthermore, the sibilance within â€Å"the gross clasps ofa lascivious Moor† highlights the sinister and libidinous traits that Blacks are stereotypically known to possess. This forms a disgusting impression of Othello, by simply Judging him according to his skin colour. Thus, through lagds characterisation of Othello through his ethnicity, he forms a racist impression of Othello and thus, is able to highlight the significance of one’s thnicity and how difficult, if not impossible, this boundary is to surpass. By agitating Brabantio, Iago makes a fool of the high ranking senator, and this brings forth the idea that people in position of power might not be worthy of it. The run-on lines evident between â€Å"Sir, sir, sir-† and â€Å"But thou must need to be sure† shows how little Brabantio thinks of using his â€Å"spirit† and his â€Å"place† to punish Iago and Roderigo. This emphasizes the fact that people of power can carelessly make use of it to their own benefit. In Brabantio’s case, he threatens to punish them as they have disturbed his rest. The triviality of their offence is mismatched with the threat that Brabantio has faced them with, showing that he has taken advantage of his power and thus, might not be worthy of it. Also, the run-on lines evident between â€Å"For thus does not think before acting. This is not appropriate for someone holding such a high position as he is expected to give thought before carrying out his actions, or the resultant effect of his carelessness might have great impact on society. Hence, Iago shows the inadequacy of Brabantio and through this, questions the significance of people’s merits when being placed in power. Thus, through his mischief, Iago incites people to display their raw, animalistic traits, and displays his own as well. This results in the surfacing of problems within Venetian society that eventually accumulates to result in various tragedies. Hence, Iago is significant in masterminding the eventual tragedy, and the beginnings of this are evident in act 1 scene 1 and 2. How to cite Lago in Act 1 Scenes, Papers

Moderating Role of Organizational Size †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Moderating Role of Organizational Size. Answer: Introduction Managing organizational change involves recognizing new ways of working and new methods of doing things which includes new styles of leadership and management in an organization, (Appelbaum et al., 2012, p. 764). In this case, the organizational change in the business is expanding to international markets in order to help the business realize its objectives. Expanding to international markets involves a business selling its products globally. Know your company and the industry: Before determining whether the products and services are fit for the global marketplace, a manager should offer a clear picture of where the company operates and where it will be in future, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 627). Also it good to consider supply constraints and other factors that might change the product. If in a business, a manager is planning a major redesign, or foresee having problems obtaining raw materials in future, its important to rethink the strategy, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 627). Determine how the business model translates: There are several ways for companies to enter foreign markets including exporting, importing, joint ventures, licensing and offshore production, (Anca, 2013, p. 138). For businesses that produce, manufacture or resell goods, exporting is usually the easiest and least risky method. A manager should not overlook indirect exporting, where an intermediary familiar with business in the target country handles the actual transfer of goods, (Casillas Acedo, 2013, p. 16). Identify and investigate target markets: When it comes to target markets, the business has to look for the markets that do not have the goods that they offer, (Vaccaro et al., 2012, p. 30). All factors must be considered either negative or positive that impact on the organizations ability to penetrate a market, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 628). A business might need to make adjustments such as changing manufacturing materials to meet environmental requirements in certain countries. Develop a business plan: The business plan created when the firm was opened and any subsequent plans previously made for operating and expanding domestically, would not translate directly to foreign markets, (Weaver et al., 2014, p. 290). Issues to be considered include Potential markets, sources, and customers, import, and export pricing strategies, initial financing streams and anticipated revenues, additional costs, legal, regulatory and licensure requirements, potential partnership and sales model, (Weaver et al., 2014, p. 291). Seek advice and assistance: To ensure success in the business, the business should seek advice and assistance from the already successful firms in the industry so as to know what efforts they should put into place to meet the long-run objectives of the business, (He Brown, 2013, P. 8). Management organizational strategy required for the business expanding into international markets Entrepreneurs have a lot to consider before expanding into international markets. To land smoothly, entrepreneurs need a sturdy launch pad with a strong internal management to handle an influx of new responsibilities, (Kuipers et al, 2014, p. 13). Good timing, international competition, and integration into a different culture are critical to this process, (Kuipers et al, 2014, p. 13). The business should start with a clear plan to highlight shorter and long-term growth goals. The strategy evaluation in a business should not be static but instead needs to be revisited as often as markets and teams change, (Kuipers et al, 2014, p. 19). Some basic steps to expanding to international markets include: Prepare an international business plan to evaluate the needs and set the goals of the firm: Since the local business plan would not be suitable for the firm in an international perspective, the management should prepare a new business plan. The plan should set out the main objectives and goals of the organization and ways of achieving them, (He Brown, 2013, p. 20). Conduct foreign market research and identify international markets: The management should carry out a thorough market research. This enables it to understand its international competitors, their products, competitive strategies, and cultures, (Weaver et al., 2014, p. 296). A market research also enables the business to stay relevant in the international market. Evaluate and select methods of distributing your products abroad: The firm should come up with a distribution plan, explaining how the specific products will be distributed to customers in the international market. This may include developing stores in the international market, sourcing an international distributor, franchising or outsourcing the distribution role to another firm, (Weaver et al., 2014, p. 296). Learn how to set prices, negotiate deals and navigate the legal morass of exporting: The organization should come up with proper pricing strategies. This may be informed of cost leadership or value pricing, (Anca, 2013, p. 140). It should also formulate better ways of negotiating for price and product deals. In addition, the firm should also have a clear understanding of the legal nature of the international business to stay relevant with the international business laws. Tap government and private sources of financing: The firm should source for funds in both private and government institutions to obtain the required capital for expansion, Anca, 2013, p. 140). Move the products into their international market, making sure they are packed and properly labeled: This is the last stage of the internalization process. The firm should properly label its products to ensure that they are attractive and able to sell in the specific target market, Anca, 2013, p. 140). Implementation of changes in the international market Change implementation refers to the process of putting into practice the proposed strategies. This can be done using the Kotlers eight elements of change implementation as follows: Create urgency: Urgency is the need for change, (Appelbaum et al., 2012, p. 772). The firm should set out the reasons which necessitate the type of change to be initiated. In this case. The expansion into the global market may be impacted by increased competition in the local market. Limited customers in the local market and a need to diversify operations. Form a powerful coalition: The management should bring together a group of influential employees to assist in implementing the particular change, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 628). In the case of expansion into the international market, the managers must communicate to a group of employees who are the major decision-makers in the firm to help in implementing the strategies. It can do this by identifying a true leader, asking for an emotional commitment from the key people in the organization, and working on team building within the change coalition and inspecting the set team for weak areas. Create a vision for change: Change comes with a lot of ideas and solutions floating around which helps the business achieve its objectives of expanding to international markets. Through vision creation, people are able to see for themselves what the business is trying to achieve and the directives they are given to make more sense, (Appelbaum et al., 2012, p. 768). The business can create a vision by creating values for the change. Values refer to the primary beliefs in a particular firm, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 627). The business must identify the specific values that relate to the change being installed. For instance, in international expansion, some values that the business may be interested in may include the need for diversity, need to develop an international brand reputation and need to become the best global supplier. Communicate the vision: The managers should communicate the need for change to all the employees. This is important especially as it may reduce any instances of resistance to change, (Anca, 2013, p. 140). Employees may have different interests. If some employees feel that their interests may be compromised by the proposed strategy, then they may not readily accept the proposal for change, Anca, 2013, p. 140). Communication may, therefore, act as a convincing tool to enable the employees to accept the change. Remove obstacles: Obstacles are the barriers to change, (Appelbaum et al, 2012, p. 765). The managers may experience opposition from employees and other stakeholders who may not support the strategies to be implemented, Anca, 2013, p. 140). Therefore, they should put in place a structure for change and continually check for barriers to it. Barriers may also be financial. For instance, the company may not have enough funds for expanding into the global market. Therefore the managers should institute a proper financial planning in the organization to ensure such barriers are solved. Create short-term wins: This involves creating short-term targets and not just one long-term goal, (Casillas Acedo, 2013, p. 18). The organization should formulate short-term targets which are easily achievable to ensure the chances of strategic failure are minimized. Build on the change: The business should launch a new product using a new system to realize their objectives of expanding to international markets. Each success provides an opportunity to build on what went right and identify what to can improve, (Sarayreh et al., 2013, p. 628). The management should also anchor the change in the corporate culture. Corporate culture determines what gets done. Conclusion In conclusion, change is inevitable. Therefore, in expanding into the international market, a firm must clearly evaluate the needs for expansion and come up with appropriate expansion strategies. The firm should also formulate appropriate approaches that would ensure that the proposed expansion is successfully implemented. References Anca, V., 2013. Project ManagementA Tool for Implementing Change in Organizations.Studies in Business and Economics,8(2), Pp.137-144. Appelbaum, S.H., Habashy, S., Malo, J.L. Shafiq, H., 2012. Back to the Future: Revisiting Kotter's 1996 Change Model.Journal of Management Development,31(8), Pp.764-782. Casillas, J.C. Acedo, F.J., 2013. Speed in the Internationalization Process of the Firm.International Journal of Management Reviews,15(1), Pp.15-29. He, H. Brown, A.D., 2013. Organizational Identity and Organizational Identification: A Review of the Literature and Suggestions for Future Research.Group Organization Management,38(1), Pp.3-35. Kuipers, B.S. et al., 2014. The Management of Change in Public Organizations: A Literature Review.Public Administration,92(1), Pp.1-20. Sarayreh, B.H., Khudair, H. Barakat, E.A., 2013. Comparative Study: The Kurt Lewin of Change Management.International Journal of Computer and Information Technology,2(4), Pp.626-629. Vaccaro, I.G., Jansen, J.J., Van Den Bosch, F.A. Volberda, H.W., 2012. Management Innovation and Leadership: The Moderating Role of Organizational Size.Journal of Management Studies,49(1), Pp.28-51. Weaver, T., Moen, O., Landstad, K. Standeren, M.I., 2014. Investigating the International Expansion of High Growth Power Providers in Emerging Markets: Motives, Management, and Entry Modes.Journal of International Business and Entrepreneurship Development,7(4), pp.289-308.