Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children

Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children Children’s television viewing time be carefully controlled or for some age groups eliminated entirely Contents (Jump to) Introduction TV, young children and aggression: Is TV dumping down our young? The role of TV in the obesity epidemic: Is TV – helping the young to a more positive view of the world? TV linked to better language and literacy? Conclusion: References: Introduction: Since the advent of the television in the daily lives of the common people, the lifestyle and routine of the people have been changed. Television is no longer an idiot box in the lives of many instead it is one of the most important parts of the lifestyle. The television has come up with variety of programs and the increasing importance of the television in the daily life of the people has given the entertainment world a different name. It has been observed in many countries like the United States the children are devoting maximum of about thirty hours watching television per week. This has given rise to a hobby or a habit of watching television (Kelemen, 2002). In many countries the children like to watch television, forgoing their studies and this had created awareness within the parents and the teachers. The most important issue regarding this matter is that the children are getting wrong information in some particular cases from the different programs of the television. There are many interesting programs apart from the cartoon shows which attract the children. The study is all about the awareness that had been generated by different research outcomes conducted by different organizations. The study discusses many important issues and analyses both the positive and negative sides of the issues (Yapp, 2014). TV, young children and aggression: It is observed all over the world that the children are adversely affected by the violent programs which they view in the television. Eastman (2004) had said that by the time when the American children become grown up to leave the high school they would have viewed thousands of murders and other violent activities in the television. On the other hand Rowell Huesmann et al (2003) have said that there is a tendency in the infants to imitate the activities they observe from the television and hence the violent programs could have much impact on the minds of the children and could cause severe accidents in their lives (Huesmann Moise-Titus, 2003). Murray (2005) have pointed out that in many cases it has been observed that children having maximum exposure to violent programs get their sensitivity towards violence and this turn increases their tolerance of violence in the society. On the other some children are found to be getting more sensitive towards the violence and that might affect their physical and mental strength. It is not always good for the infants to watch television as they might be affected by the colors, hues, saturation and exposure level of the television portray. The sound effects might also affect the hearing aspect or the mental development of the infants as initial stages (Murray, 2012). Is TV dumping down our young? According to Anderson and Pempeck there is a close relationship between the development of language and watching TV. The children below 2 years who watch television for a long time do not develop their language and vocabulary. The children start to speak less and they follow only gestures. The children below 2 years who watch educational programs like Sesame Street and Dora the Explorer face the similar problems in the language development. But the children over 2 years while watching these programs specially designed for the development of language get a better learning opportunity and they develop the language faster (Gliebe, 2011). The parents’ co-viewing with their kids has shown to be beneficial as the parents could manipulate the programs accordingly and might help their children in understanding the meaning of the programs they watch. The children are sometimes found to be more inclined towards the face to face communication and learn to develop language from this type of conversation. The parents could control the time their children are devoting towards watching the television. They could even ban or eliminate many programs from being watched by their children if they find some anti social or unethical in the programs. The role of TV in the obesity epidemic: The children who are watching television for a longer period are found to be affected by the increasing issue of obesity as they forgo their physical activities and sit idle at a place and watch television. The children get less time for any extra curriculum activities and due to that they are growing some problems in their physical growth. The habit of having fast food or snacks are being promoted by the television ads which are growing the habit of consuming fast food and snacks at an increasing rate which is affecting the health of the children to great extent. The children are getting much inclined towards the fast food and the ready to cook foods as they are being advertised very skillfully to attract the children (Boulos, Vikre, Oppenheimer, Chang, Kanarek, 2012). On the other hand television programs are also promoting some beneficial programs which are helping in the development of many good habits and learning. The television is also promoting various programs from where the children could learn about the culture of their countries or about different animals etc. There are some programs which are promoting the habits of practicing regular exercise in the daily regime of the children and the children are trying to follow them. Is TV helping the young to a more positive view of the world? According to Moeller (1996) the television programs are helping to understand the world around us through different specific channels. The television can have positive impacts on the minds of the children depending on the perception that the people are growing within them. Sometimes it is seen that people both children and adults like to believe that whatever is shown in the television is normal and real without judging the truth. This might have positive or negative effects depending on the individual conception development (Moeller, 1996). Some programs might show the children the way they want to prove the world around us and could have negative impact on the minds of the children. On the other hand there are certain programs which are useful to the children to collect many academic information or data which they could skillfully use in their studies and could increase their general knowledge (Wiseman, 2012). There are certain worrying issues where the children get wrong ideas about the cultures or the society of many places from the television. The children with good intelligence would take the positive views but the children with poor intelligence would not be able to get the positive views without the guidance of their parents or teachers. TV linked to better language and literacy? Many research work have proved that watching television is helping in the development of language and literacy in the children. The children of two years get to develop their language competency from watching television. Many children have been found to have grown better vocabulary by watching television. The children get to learn many things from television. There are many well designed education oriented programs like Sesame Street which provides good communication and language skills to be developed in the children (Close, 2004). Not all the learning programs are designed to develop language skills in the children. It is the responsibility of the guardians to supervise the programs and allow the children accordingly to watch the programs which are suited for their children. The adult co-viewers are responsible to grow and develop the language competencies within the children through their active participation. The conversation between the adult co-viewer and the children below two years is vital in developing the language within them. The parents or guardians have to play an active role in the development of language and literacy through watching television (Linebarger, 2006). Conclusion: The above discussion shows for and against the reduction of the television viewing by the children below two years and also for the children who are sensitive to many issues. The parents or the guardians have to be more conscious about the controlling of the time dedicated to the television viewing by the children. The Government should take steps either to ban some violent or anti social programs or to make the schedule of the programs as per the prime time or the general time for watching television. The study shows the positive and negative impacts of the television on the minds and developments of the children below and over two years. The study describes the various issue which are related with the viewing of the television. Watching TV is also hampering the physical development of the children and even increasing the rate of obesity in the children. The study throws lights on various findings from the research conducted by many researchers. The research should be able to analyze both the positive and negative impacts of watching television. More research is needed to provide more data and information regarding how much positive or negative it is to watch television for the children. The society should try to instigate the positive impacts of watching television rather than the negative impacts. The society should be well aware of the adverse effects which could affect the children from initial stage. References: Boulos, R., Vikre, E. K., Oppenheimer, S., Chang, H., Kanarek, R. B. (2012). ObesiTV: How television is influencing the obesity epidemic. Physiology Behavior, 146-153. Retrieved from friedmanfellows: http://friedmanfellows.com/assets/pdfs/elibrary/ObesiTV_final.pdf Close, R. (2004, March 13). Television and Language Development in the Early Years. Retrieved from literacytrust: http://www.literacytrust.org.uk/assets/0000/0429/TV_early_years_2004.pdf Gliebe, S. K. (2011, August 12). The Effects of Video and Television on Young Children: Research and Reflection for Christian Educators . Retrieved from cuchicago: http://lej.cuchicago.edu/early-childhood-education/the-effects-of-video-and-television-on-young-children-research-and-reflection-for-christian-educators/ Huesmann, R., Moise-Titus, J. (2003). Longitudinal Relations Between Children’s Exposure to TV Violence and Their Aggressive and Violent Behavior in Young Adulthood: 1977–1992. Retrieved from umich: http://rcgd.isr.umich.edu/aggr/articles/Huesmann/2003.Huesmann,et al.Longrelations.Developmental Psych.pdf Kelemen, L. (2002, December 18). The Truth about Television. Retrieved from aish: http://www.aish.com/ci/s/48924702.html Linebarger, D. L. (2006, September 28). Elements of Effective Educational TV. Retrieved from pbskids: http://www-tc.pbskids.org/read/files/BOB-PARTI-ElementsofSuccessfulEdTV.PDF Moeller, B. (1996, October). Learning from Television: A Research Review. Retrieved from dcmp: https://www.dcmp.org/public_content/caai/nadh175.pdf Murray, J. (2012, January 09). Childrens Antisocial Behavior, Mental Health, Drug Use, and Educational Performance After Parental Incarceration. Retrieved from NCBI: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3283435/ Wiseman, R. (2012, June 30). Self help: forget positive thinking, try positive action . Retrieved from theguardian: http://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/jun/30/self-help-positive-thinking Yapp, R. (2014, January 10). Children who watch too much TV may have damaged brain structures. Retrieved from dailymail: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2537240/Children-watch-TV-damaged-brain-structures.html Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children Positive and Negative Effects of Television on Children TELEVISION: ITS EFFECTS AMONG CHILDREN IN TERMS OF EMOTIONAL AND BEHAVIORAL DISCOURSE IMPELIDO, DEANMARK G. Outline Watching television has many positive and negative effects on the behavior among children. Positive effects include, while negative effects includes violence, behave aggressively and their emotional aspects affected. The Effects of Television Positive Effects Negative Effects Violence Behave aggressively Emotional Aspects affected Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Introduction Technology makes our life easy and it becomes a part of our lives everywhere, anywhere. Before the growth of the technology being rampant, there is a first major source of innovation in technology and that is the television. Television sets become a major industry in the world. Almost all the people in the world, in their households have television sets, and every day, more and more people tend to view on television. By touching its button and by searching different channels, it gives us benefits and solutions to our challenges in the modern-faced world. This includes receiving reports from local and world events, to inspire young minds by exploring geography and history, watch a fantasy, and to entertain us. Television also tends to escape from the reality, which gives us a temporary relief from our problems in life or when we feel depressed. Due to the growing industry of television, television networks always wants to know their audience perspective on what kind of program they want to watch. Audiences have a big impact in the television industry without them, no image on the screen. Most probably, adults are the one who watch, but as the time goes by, children also considered a part of their audience so that television networks consider the programs they watch. Children in the 21st century are now exposed in the television screens and we cannot prevent that. They are treated by the researchers and policy makers as a â€Å"special audience† due they are in process to learn things from the screen (Potter, 2008). Also, they are not yet mature to select a show appropriate to them. So that, as more and more children tempt to watch, the more they see something wrong or something right depending on the content of the program they watch. As illustration, if a child sees violence, the more violent he become; and when he see educational and inspiring, it teaches him to learn new things. According to Hollenbeck Slaby, 1979, children starts to spend television at the age of 6 months, as they grow up, it increases number of hours they spend on television until it reaches by up to six and a half hours every day. Because of this, we think that it leads to positive and negative effects of the behavior of children as they grow up. According to psych iatrist Dr. Victor Cline in his speech in Norfolk, New Virginia, that all the pictures they see in television, it can clearly affects the self-image then, later behavior of young people. He also added that mental diet is the same as nutritional diet. Once a child sees on a television, it will put what they see it in their mind, later; it will take its changes on their behavior once they grow up. He consider the children’s minds into a bank-whatever we put on it, we will get it back 10 years or more with an interest (Cline, 1989) In general, watching television may lead to the positive and negative effects on the behavioral and emotional discourse of the children. Some positive effects are: it enhances learning skills and recognize emotions; and the negative effects are it leads to violence, behave aggressively and lastly, it leads to emotional problems. Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Discussion Positive Effects of Television Television has a great benefit among children as they get easily aware and connect about the physical happenings in their modern-faced society (Gunter and McAleer, 1997: xii-xiii).They also stated that television is not ‘one-eyed monster’ who waits to spread evil over the young members of the household. This is an implication that when a child watches a significant program that is – educational, informative, and values-promoted shows will increase their intellectual growth. Researchers explain this, through watching preschoolers ‘Sesame Street’ regularly, it easily recognize their emotions and to cope trauma when the 9/11 terrorist attack in New York by featuring a story about grease fire in Hooper’s Stone which required the help of the brave firefighters (Wilson, 2008). Second positive effect of television among children is that they acquire basic languages on it. Studies shows that if they watch educational programs, their tendency is to learn basic shapes, numbers, letters, etc. if their parents guided them (Lemish and Rice, 1986). However, Naigles and Mayeux (2001) found that in certain circumstances children learn words and their meanings from educational programs that are specifically design for them (age, content etc.). Further, we must say that we select programs that are capable to their age and they must guide them in order for them to learn their language acquisition. Although still, there is no significant evidence that suggests television as part of their everyday lives to learn new things in life. Negative Effects of Television Violence is one of the primarily negative effects of television among children. Television violence had been increasing for the past years. In the studies, it shows that an average of 32 acts per hour, a child may see on the screen (Gerbner). Because of the number of violent acts a child may see, there is a result of the mental problem called â€Å"copycat phenomenon†. Copycat Phenomenon defines as imitating or copying the act or behavior of a person from a particular show (Sparks, 2013). An example of this is if a child sees on television, a person who acts to be violent; there is a possibility to imitate its action, further, once it continues to imitate until he/she grows up, it results as to be his/her personality. Many people have experience this even adults because it stirs up their emotions easily and somehow, they relate on that scene they watch. Further to that, it results in increasing number of crime and harm things; so that it is very alarming when a child happen to it. Violent television teaches children step-by-step; on how to commit mistakes and violent acts easily (Cline, 1989, 2B.). Watching violence can lead to behaving aggressively. Does it really lead to behave aggressively among children? It is true that it may lead to behave them aggressively through the following factors: if a character in a particular scene performs violent acts; then that character receives a reward for their actions, and there is a possibility of increasing aggression to children especially on boys and not on girls. And this theory he proposed is the social learning theory (Bandura, 1973). To illustrate, if a child sees a scene in a screen which has violent acts, then later the character receives reward on it, there is a chance of imitating or again â€Å"Copycat Phenomenon†. But, if the character did not receive rewards from it but receive punishment, there is a small chance of that child will refrain to do that act. But, in his further studies, it shows that this effect is not clearly depending on kind of program they watch; it is regardless of the kind of program they watch. T herefore, whatever kind of program they watch still, there is a risk of their behavior due to prolonged expose to television and violence. Once it changes their attitudes, it will clearly affect all their emotional aspects. Children emotions lead to anxiety, fear, trauma and even depression (Wilson, 2008). First, there is a possibility of anxiety to them. Second, their fear increases. There is a study that many children have experiences short-term reactions to television. When they watch a scary movie, (example is Monster House), they get react easily and probably they frightened. So that, after they watch it, they feel devastated and therefore, it results to trauma. It will also intensify these effects if they watch a particular news footage that contains tragedy or violence. As a result, children are full of fears to face the real-world. It will hard for them to express themselves and they might see the real-world as a difficult, more complicated and may a victim or real violence. It is normal, but, their emotional capacity maybe more difficult to cope. Watching television has positive effects (which include enhance learning skills and recognize emotions) and negative effects (includes violence, behave aggressively and lead to emotional problems) among children Conclusion: References: Books: Potter, W. J. (2008). Media literacy 4th edition, Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks, CA: USA. Sparks, G. G. (2013). Media Effects Research 4th Edition, Boston, MA: Wandsworth-Cengage Learning Internet Resources:

Expectations For Boys and Girls

Expectations for boys and girls are extremely high in today’s society. A lot of people feel pressure in today’s society and so much so that some people feel the need to take their own lives. Some people are able to rise above societies expectations, but that is incredibly hard to do and not everybody is strong enough to overcome that. The pressures of society follow everyone everywhere and different people must handle it in different ways. Expectations for girls are a lot higher and a lot more pressured than expectations for boys.Girls are expected to be pretty and nice and clean, but that is not always the case with every girl. They are expected to cook and clean as stated in Barbie Doll. â€Å"The girlchild was born as usual and presented dolls that did pee-pee and miniature GE stoves and irons. † This really shows that girls are pressured into this kind of life from an early age. After she hits puberty, expectations start to change, especially with her peers. â€Å"Then in the magic of puberty, a classmate said: you have a great big nose and fat legs.† Within her own peer group she is being mocked and put down until she can’t take it anymore. â€Å"In the casket displayed on satin she lay. † Only then did the people in her life comment on how she was pretty, but it was too late for her. In the other poem, Good Girl, girls are expected to hold up the world. â€Å"Hold up the universe, good girl. † She also gets compared to Atlas, the Greek God who holds the world on his shoulders. â€Å"Sever yourself, poor false Atlas. † Unfortunately, this is true because some women have to cook and clean the house for her family.â€Å"You are the universe about its pole. God’s not fair. † Some women even have to work for their families also and it is true that some women hold the world on their shoulders. Expectations for boys however are much different. In the poem, Dylan, a mother talks about how her y oung son doesn’t have a worry in the world and is so happy. â€Å"On Monday he was Spiderman. All it took was red P. J’s, gluey palms and two spools of thread. † She then goes on to talk about how she wishes she could bottle up that happiness, â€Å"It seems if I could stash just one of these get-ups and the way your heart soars.† The mother than says, â€Å"Little boy, you could don it the morning some girl wrecks you. † She wants to give him his happiness when he is sad so he can immediately be happy again. This speaks to the expectations of boys in society because they are expected to never be sad but in truth, there will always be times when one is sad. In the other poem, Rites of Passage, the little boys at the party feel the need to compare themselves to one another to see who the alpha male is.â€Å"One says to the other How old are you? Six. I’m seven. So? † Boys are expected to be rough and tough and must appear that way espe cially to other boys. â€Å"I could beat you up, a seven says to a six. † Boys are not allowed to show their sensitive side and if they do then they will be ridiculed. Later in the poem the host of the party, speaks to the group as a whole, â€Å"We could easily kill a two-year-old. † And all was well between the boys again, because they all found a common interest.

Divine Comedy †Pagans in Paradise - 1474 Words

Divine Comedy – Pagans in Paradise In the beginning when God created humanity, it was said that He created all humans in His image of goodness (Genesis 1:27). Dante then adds in his Divine Comedy that God has instilled a certain predetermined capacity of goodness in each human being as He wills, which should be utilized fully during life (Paradise 3:84). It would then be assumed, in Dantean thought, that all humans have the choice to live fully to this capacity and assume a place in heaven upon death, to fail to utilize this capacity and suffer in Hell for eternity, or to sin and seek repentance at some point in their lives, allowing them to enter Purgatory. Yet, this statement seems to have certain restrictions when we first look at†¦show more content†¦But upon further reading, it is evident that there are pagans in Dante’s Paradise. The two examples of virtuous pagans in Heaven are Emperor Trajan of Rome and Ripheus of Troy. Ripheus was said to have been baptized after his death while in Purgatory, a thousand years before baptism existed. Emperor Trajan was supposedly brought back to life by God’s sanctifying grace and was baptized in his second life (Paradise 20:106-108). Unless you believe another human being besides Jesus Christ was resurrected, this explanation of why Trajan is found in Heaven is invalid. In addition, a reason must exist why God would show so much concern for Ripheus of Troy to allow him baptism in Purgatory. Therefore, from a different angle, one must analyze what the virtuous pagans in Limbo are lacking to explain the presence of Trajan and Ripheus in Paradise. When Dante encounters these two pagans in Paradise, he immediately questions their presence. He asks the eagle of the pagans’ presence there and the bird replies, And to this realm none ever rose who had not faith in Christ, before or after he was crucified (Paradise 19:104-106). From this statement we are told that every soul in Heaven had faith in Christ, whether or not they had knowledge of Him. But how can you have faith in a person whom you do not know? Since it seems impossible for a human to have faith in someone they have never heard of, it can be assumed thatShow MoreRelatedThe Divine Comedy By Dante Alighieri1725 Words   |  7 PagesIn composing the Divine Comedy, Dante Alighieri has created and brought to his readers three examples of literary brilliance. A masterfully written poem that still serves as a preface for contemporary heaven/hell/purgatory imagery, the divine comedy brings readers along for the ride on Dante’s path towards salvation. Depending on how gullible one may be, interpretation of the legitimacy of the Divine Comedy is varied; that is to say, although a few might believe Dante actually did somehow travelRead MoreDante Alighieri : An Italian Poet1552 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical, religious, and economic action. 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“The Going” Essay example - 1563 Words

â€Å"The Going† by Thomas Hardy begins with the question ‘why’ a question which Hardy is asking as himself about the death of his wife. According to the footnotes this poem is written as eulogy to his first wife Emma, who died in 1912. Her death is sudden to him and he is questioning why he did not see it coming or if he missed any hints she could have given that would have pointed to her impending death. Her passing is described as happening quickly, calmly, and indifferent. Using the words ‘as if’ are key, because that is where he won’t admit that she would leave without telling him and he is protecting himself from having to outright call her indifferent. He doesn’t want to accept that she could be indifferent to her life because that†¦show more content†¦Looking back at the very first line of the poem he wonders why she never gave him a hint that she was capable of flight. He should have realized that from the moment they met he knew in his heart that she was a person capable of leaving him in a manner that he could not follow. He saw her as a swan with enormous wings and saw himself as a bird ‘with wing of swallow’ which is like a bird on the wing, or a bird in flight, however he uses the word ‘wing’ in the singular, which could mean that he views himself as a grounded bird who will never ‘gain one glimpse’ of her again. In the second stanza he starts to realize that she is really gone and he will never hear from her again. By using the word ‘never’ Hardy is admitting to himself that there is a finality to her going, and he realizes that goodbyes and the chances that saying goodbye represents are lost to him. Once again he is alluding to the past where they actually possessed communication skills. ‘Lip me the softest call’ references birds and birdcalls again, and the word ‘soft’ generally describes something that people want to have close to them. 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One example of dialogue raising the stakes is on pages 215 and 216, â€Å"The post will be delivered† (Pratchett Going Postal 215). He makes a promise to deliver any lettersRead More‚Äà ²Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ãƒâ€žÃƒ ´Where Are You Going Where Have You Been‚Äà ¹1341 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION: â€Å"Where Are You Going Where Have You Been?† by Joyce Carol, showcases the inevitable effects of youthful exuberance in a teenage girl. The story is a compelling tale which unveils the vulnerability of Connie, a young teenage girl who could barely substantiate fantasy from reality. She prides herself as a pretty girl who understands the basic principles of life. 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It was quite painfully clear by the site of the back just where most of Katie s money was going when it came to shop upkeep. Before heading straight to the fridge, the slender woman reached into a small bowl by the sink and gathered jewelry that had been previously discarded for the day s earlier demolition. First came on a silver ring, shapedRead MoreThe World Of Mysteries And Wonders1535 Words   |  7 PagesI reached for the remote and turned off the TV. I had seen that commercial more times than I care to count, and every time I feel almost mesmerized by the beautiful fantasy world of the game. And tonight at midnight the servers would finally be going live. I just had to live with the anticipation for a while longer. Well that and go to work. As much as I would rather stay here and read everything I can find about the game online, I do still need to earn a living. Ah right, introductions. I’mRead More Graduation Speech Essay540 Words   |  3 Pageswe were picking our noses and flicking them at innocent bystanders or yelling childish phrases like, Liar, liar, pants on fire! or, wait, that was yesterday. Never mind. Anyways. What Im trying to say is the years, have flown by and its not going to be long before were in the stands watching our kids graduate. You know, there is a lot more to graduating than leaving Rufus and getting a diploma. Its more than that. I mean, why do you think we get to wear these cool robes? Our infantileRead MoreEvacuate To The Fault Essay983 Words   |  4 Pagestheir loved ones on the surface have possible been bombed and others are angry about the room size and no showerings or change of clothes. Me, I’m worried how long we’ll be down here considering they’re giving us Anti-Age pills every year. Are we going to become their slaves? Their workers? 10 minutes have passed and he still isn’t here. He must be busy setting something up. Another 5 minutes pass and he finally arrives. â€Å"Shall we see the rest of the place now?† The crowd of people nod and we continueRead MoreGone By Michael Grant : Book Analysis771 Words   |  4 Pages between the ages of 1-9 years-old have absolutely no clue whats going on or where their parents are. Some are crying, and they are absolutely terrified. The older kids think this is just the coolest thing in the world. They can go do whatever they want because their parents aren’t around. Stealing whatever they can get from the stores seems to be what they do the most. Sam, Quinn and Astrid are trying to figure out what is going on. They go to Quinn’s house to find his parents, but they are goneRead More Wedding Speech by Brother of Bride Essay1161 Words   |  5 Pages I will try to keep this brief as I am eagerly anticipating that part of the night when the best man humiliates the groom. For those of you who don’t know me, I’m Craig, Rebecca’s oldest brother. The middle child Trent, is seat over there. He is going to love me saying that When Rebecca first asked me some weeks ago if I would make a speech today my first thought was WHY? But then as I sat down to put pen to paper and goggled wedding speeches last night, I was overwhelmed by strange feelings of